Purpose
A cover letter connects your resume to this company and role. It should add context — why this team, why now, one or two proof points not obvious from bullets — not repeat your entire CV.
Structure that works
Opening: role and company name, one sentence on why you fit. Middle: two short paragraphs with specific examples tied to the posting. Close: availability, enthusiasm, and thanks. Keep to one page, often 250–400 words.
- Address a named hiring manager when the posting provides one
- Mirror one or two priorities from the job description
- Use the same facts as your resume — dates, titles, metrics
- Skip generic praise; be specific about the product or mission
When it is optional
Many online applications make cover letters optional. Submit one when you have a compelling pivot, gap, or referral to explain — or when the employer clearly values them in your industry.